Data from 2,800 participants (aged 65+) in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study has revealed that one type of cognitive training benefits less-educated people more than it does the more-educated.
While the effects of reasoning and memory training did not differ as a function of how much education the individual had, those older adults with less than a complete high school education experienced a 50% greater benefit from speed of information processing training than college graduates. This advantage was maintained for three years after the end of the training.
The training involved ten 60 to 75-minute sessions over six weeks that focused on visual search and processing information in shorter and shorter times.
Both reasoning and information processing speed training resulted in improved targeted cognitive abilities for 10 years among participants, but memory training did not. Memory training focused on mnemonic strategies for remembering lists and sequences of items, text material, and main ideas and details of stories and other text-based information. Reasoning training focused on improving the ability to solve problems containing a serial pattern.
The researchers speculate that speed of information processing training might help those with less than 12 years of education, who are at greater risk of dementia, close the gap between them and those with more education.
The training modules have been translated into online games delivered by Posit Science.
Less educated study participants were slightly older, less likely to be married, more likely to be African-American, and more likely to have hypertension or diabetes as well as heart disease than the more educated older adults.
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-01/iu-irs012816.php
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(2015). Does targeted cognitive training reduce educational disparities in cognitive function among cognitively normal older adults?.
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. n/a - n/a.
