Eye health related to brain health in older adults

June, 2012

A large, long-running study has found cognitive decline and brain lesions are linked to mild retinal damage in older women.

Damage to the retina (retinopathy) doesn’t produce noticeable symptoms in the early stages, but a new study indicates it may be a symptom of more widespread damage. In the ten-year study, involving 511 older women (average age 69), 7.6% (39) were found to have retinopathy. These women tended to have lower cognitive performance, and brain scans revealed that they had more areas of small vascular damage within the brain — 47% more overall, and 68% more in the parietal lobe specifically. They also had more white matter damage. They did not have any more brain atrophy.

These correlations remained after high blood pressure and diabetes (the two major risk factors for retinopathy) were taken into account. It’s estimated that 40-45% of those with diabetes have retinopathy.

Those with retinopathy performed similarly to those without on a visual acuity test. However, testing for retinopathy is a simple test that should routinely be carried out by an optometrist in older adults, or those with diabetes or hypertension.

The findings suggest that eye screening could identify developing vascular damage in the brain, enabling lifestyle or drug interventions to begin earlier, when they could do most good. The findings also add to the reasons why you shouldn’t ignore pre-hypertensive and pre-diabetic conditions.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-03/aaon-ehi030612.php http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-03/uoc--bvd031512.php

Reference:

[2877] Haan, M., Espeland M. A., Klein B. E., Casanova R., Gaussoin S. A., Jackson R. D., et al.
(2012). Cognitive Function and Retinal and Ischemic Brain Changes The Women's Health Initiative.
Neurology. 78(13), 942 - 949.

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